Frank Lloyd Wright(June 8, 1867-April 9, 1959) was an American architect, interior  designer, writer, and educator who designed more than 1,000 projects, of which more  than 500 resulted in completed works.

Wright promoted organic architecture(exemplified by Fallingwater), was a leader of  the Prairie School movement of architecture(exemplified by the Robie House and the  Westcott House), and developed the concept of the Usonian home(exemplified by the  Rosenbaum House). His work includes original and innovative examples of many different  building types, including offices, churches, schools, hotels, and museums. Wright also  often designed many of the interior elements of his buildings, such as the furniture  and stained glass.

Wright authored twenty books and numerous articles and was a popular lecturer in the  United States and in Europe. His colorful personal life frequently made headlines,  most notably for the failure of his first two marriages and for the 1914 fire and  murders at his Taliesin studio.

Already well-known during his lifetime, Wright was recognized in 1991 by the American  Institute of Architects as "the greatest American architect of all time".

Frank Lloyd Wright was born in the agricultural town of Richland Center, Wisconsin,  United States, just two years after the end of the American Civil War. Originally  named Frank Lincoln Wright, he changed his name after his parents' divorce to honor  his mother's Welsh immigrant family, the Lloyd Joneses. His father, William Carey  Wright(1825-1904) was a locally admired orator, music teacher, occasional lawyer  and itinerant minister. William Wright had met and married Hannah Lloyd Jones(1838-  1923), a county school teacher, the previous year when he was employed as the  superintendent of schools for Richland County. Originally from Massachusetts, William  Wright had been a Baptist minister but he later joined his wife's family in the  Unitarian faith. Anna Lloyd Jones was a member of the large, prosperous and well-known  Lloyd Jones family of Unitarians, who had emigrated from Wales to southwestern  Wisconsin. Both of Wright's parents were strong-willed individuals with idiosyncratic  interests that they passed on to Frank. In his biography his mother declared, when she  was expecting her first child, that he would grow up to build beautiful buildings. She  decorated his nursery with engravings of English Cathedrals torn from a periodical to  encourage the infant's ambition. The family moved to Weymouth, Massachusetts in 1870  for William to minister a small congregation. Anna visited the 1876 Centennial  Exhibition in Philadelphia and viewed an exhibit of educational blocks created by  Friedrich Wilhelm August Froebel(1782-1852). The blocks, known as Froebel Gifts, were  the foundation of his innovative kindergarten curriculum. A trained teacher, Anna was  excited by the program and purchased a set for her family. As a child, Frank spent a  great deal of time playing with the kindergarten educational blocks. These consisted  of geometrically-shaped blocks that could be assembled in various combinations to form  three-dimensional compositions. Wright in his autobiography talks about the influence  of these exercises on his approach to design. Many of his buildings are notable for  the geometrical clarity they exhibit.
  
 The Wright family struggled financially in Weymouth and returned to Spring Green,  Wisconsin, where the supportive Lloyd Jones clan could help William find employment.  They settled in Madison, where William taught music lessons and served as the  secretary to the newly formed Unitarian society. Although William was a distant  parent, he shared his love of music, especially the works of Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750), with his children. Soon after he turned 14 in 1881, Wright's parents  separated. Anna had been unhappy for some time with William's inability to provide for  his family and asked him to leave. The divorce was finalized in 1885 after William  sued Anna for lack of physical affection. William left Wisconsin after the divorce and  Wright claimed he never saw his father again. At this time Frank's middle name was  changed from Lincoln to Lloyd. As the only male left in the family, Frank assumed  financial responsibility for his mother and two sisters.

Wright attended a Madison high school but there is no evidence he ever graduated. He was admitted to the University of Wisconsin as a special student in 1886. While  attending the university, he joined Phi Delta Theta fraternity, took classes part- time for two semesters, and worked with a professor of civil engineering, Allan D.  Conover(1854-1929). In 1887, Wright left the school without taking a degree (although  he was granted an honorary Doctorate of Fine Arts from the University in 1955) and  moved to Chicago which was still rebuilding from the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, where  he joined the architectural firm of Joseph Lyman Silsbee(1848-1913). Within the year,  he had left Silsbee to work for the firm of Adler & Sullivan as an apprentice to Louis  Sullivan(1856-1924).

In 1889, he married his first wife, Catherine Lee "Kitty" Tobin(March 25, 1871-March  24, 1959), purchased land in Oak Park, Illinois, and built his first home, and  eventually his studio there. His mother, Anna, soon followed Wright to the city, where  he purchased a home adjacent to his newly built residence for her. His marriage to  Kitty Tobin, the daughter of a wealthy businessman, raised his social status, and he  became more well known.

Beginning in 1890, he was assigned all residential design work for the firm. In 1893,  Louis Sullivan discovered that Wright had been accepting private commissions. Sullivan  felt betrayed that his favored employee had designed houses "behind his back," and he  asked Wright to leave the firm. Constantly in need of funds to support his growing  family, Wright designed the homes to supplement his meager income. Wright referred to  these houses as his "bootleg" designs and the homes are located near the Frank Lloyd  Wright Home and Studio, on Chicago Avenue in Oak Park. After leaving Sullivan, Wright  established his own practice at his home.

This practice was a remarkable collection of creative architectural designers. Between 1900 and 1917, his residential designs were "Prairie Houses" (extended low  buildings with shallow, sloping roofs, clean sky lines, suppressed chimneys, overhangs  and terraces, using unfinished materials), so-called because the design is considered  to complement the land around Chicago. These houses are credited with being the first  examples of the "open plan".

In fact, the manipulation of interior space in residential and public buildings, such  as Unity Temple, the home of the Unitarian Universalist congregation in Oak Park, are  hallmarks of his style. A lifelong Unitarian and member of Unity Temple, Wright  offered his services to the congregation after their church burned down in 1904. The  community agreed to hire him and he worked on the building between 1905 through 1908.  He believed that humanity should be central to all design. Many examples of this work  are in Buffalo, New York as a result of friendship between Wright and Darwin D. Martin (1865-1935), an executive from the Larkin Soap Company. In 1902 the Larkin Company  decided to build a new administration building.

Wright came to Buffalo and designed not only the first sketches for the Larkin  Administration Building(completed in 1904, demolished in 1950), but also homes for  three of the company's executives:

George Barton House, Buffalo NY, 1903 
 Hillside Home School, 1902, Taliesin, Spring Green, Wisconsin Darwin D. Martin House, Buffalo NY, 1904 
 William Heath House, Buffalo NY, 1905 
 and later, the Graycliff estate, Derby, NY 1926 
 The Westcott House was built between 1907 and 1908, in Springfield, Ohio. It not only  embodies Frank Lloyd Wright's innovative Prairie Style design but also reflects his  passion for Japanese art and culture in design traits characteristic of traditional  Japanese design. The Westcott House is the only Prairie house to be built in Ohio, and  it represents an important evolution of Wright's Prairie concept. The Westcott House  includes an extensive ninety-eight foot pergola, capped with an intricate wooden  trellis, connecting a detached carriage house and garage to the main house features  that are included in only a few of Wright's later Prairie Style houses designs.

It is not known exactly when Wright designed The Westcott House; scholars speculate  that it may have been several months before more than a year after the architect  returned from his first trip to Japan in 1905. Wright created two separate designs for  the Westcott House; both are included in Studies and Executed Buildings of Frank Lloyd  Wright, published by the distinguished Ernst Wasmuth(Germany, 1910-1911). This two- volume work contains more than one hundred lithographs of Wright's designs and is  commonly known as the Wasmuth Portfolio.

Other Frank Lloyd Wright houses considered to be masterpieces of the late Prairie  Period(1907-1909) are the Frederick Robie House in Chicago and the Avery and Queene  Coonley House in Riverside, Illinois. The Robie House, with its soaring, cantilevered  roof lines, supported by a 110-foot(34 m)-long channel of steel, is the most  dramatic. Its living and dining areas form virtually one uninterrupted space. This  building had a profound influence on young European architects after World War I and  is sometimes called the "cornerstone of modernism". Wright's work, however, was not  known to European architects until the publication of the Wasmuth Portfolio.

Local gossips noticed Wright's flirtations, and he developed a reputation in Oak Park  as a man-about-town. His family had grown to six children, and the brood required most  of Catherine's attention. In 1903, Wright designed a house for Edwin Henry Cheney(1869- 1942), a neighbor in Oak Park, and immediately took a liking to Cheney's wife, Martha  "Mamah" Bouton Borthwick(June 19, 1869-August 15, 1914). Mamah Cheney was a modern woman with interests outside the home. She was an early feminist and Wright viewed her as his intellectual equal. The two fell in love, even though Wright had been married for almost 20 years. Often the two could be seen taking rides in Wright's automobile  through Oak Park, and they became the talk of the town. Wright's wife, Kitty, sure  that this attachment would fade as the others had, refused to grant him a divorce.  Neither would Edwin Cheney grant one to Mamah. In 1909, even before the Robie House  was completed, Wright and Mamah Cheney eloped to Europe; leaving their own spouses and  children behind. The scandal that erupted virtually destroyed Wright's ability to  practice architecture in the United States.

Scholars argue that he felt by 1907 that he had done everything he could do with the  Prairie Style, particularly from the standpoint of the single family house. Wright was  not getting larger commissions for commercial or public buildings, which frustrated  him as it would any highly skilled architect.

What drew Wright to Europe was the chance to publish a portfolio of his work with  Ernst Wasmuth(1845-1897), who had agreed in 1909 to publish his work there. This  chance also allowed Wright to deepen his relationship with Mamah Cheney. Wright and  Cheney left the United States separately in 1910, meeting in Berlin, where the offices  of Wasmuth were located.

The resulting two volumes, known as the Wasmuth Portfolio, were published in 1910 and  1911 in two editions, creating the first major exposure of Wright's work in Europe.

Wright remained in Europe for one year(though Mamah Cheney returned to the United  States a few times) and set up home in Fiesole, Italy. During this time, Edwin Cheney  granted her a divorce, though Kitty still refused to grant one to her husband. After  Wright's return to the United States in late 1910, Wright persuaded his mother to  purchase land for him in Spring Green, Wisconsin. The land, purchased on April 10,  1911, was adjacent to land held by his mother's family, the Lloyd-Joneses. Wright  began to build himself a new home, which he called Taliesin, by May 1911. The  recurring theme of 'Taliesin' also came from his mother's side, Taliesin in Welsh  mythology being a poet, magician and super-hero. Their family motto was 'Y Gwir yn  Erbyn y Byd' which translates to 'The Truth Against the World' was created by Iolo  Morgannwg(1747-1826) who interestingly enough also had a son called 'Taliesin', is  still used today as the cry of the druids and chief bard of the Eisteddfod in Wales. On August 15, 1914, while Wright was in Chicago completing a large project(Midway  Gardens), Julian Carlton(1884-1914), a 30 year old negro Barbadian male servant whom  he had hired several months earlier, set fire to the living quarters of Taliesin and  murdered seven people with an axe as the fire burned. The dead included Mamah, 35; her  two children, John, 11 and Martha, 9; David Lindblom, 38, a gardener; Emil Brodelle,  30, a draftsman; Thomas Bunker, 68, a workman; and Ernest Weston, 13, a foreman's son.  Two people, William Weston, forman of Taliesin's employees, and Herbert Fritz, a  draftsman, survived the mayhem, one of whom helped to put out the fire that almost  completely consumed the residential wing of the house.  Carlton ran nearby but was  caught.  He died from starvation seven weeks later, despite medical attention from  acid he had swallowed before being caught.  He made two court appearences but never  stood trial, and his motive for the attack was never explained.

In 1922, Wright's first wife granted him a divorce, and the architect was required to  wait for one year until he married his then-partner, Maude Miriam Hicks(May 9, 1869- January 3, 1930).

In 1923, Wright's mother, Anna(Lloyd Jones)Wright, died. Wright wed Miriam Hicks in  November 1923, but her addiction to morphine led to the failure of the marriage in  less than one year. In 1924, after the separation, but while still married, Wright met  Olga(Olgivanna)Lazovich Hinzenburg(December 27, 1898-March 1, 1985), at a Petrograd  Ballet performance in Chicago. They moved in together at Taliesin in 1925, followed  soon after by Olgivanna's pregnancy with their daughter, Iovanna(born December 2,  1925, who years later married and divorced Wright associate Arthur Pieper).

On April 22, 1925, another fire destroyed the living quarters of Taliesin. This  appears to have been the result of a faulty electrical system. Wright rebuilt the  living quarters again, naming the home "Taliesin III".

In 1926, Olga's ex-husband, Vlademar Hinzenburg, sought custody of his daughter,  Svetlana. In Minnetonka, Minnesota, Wright and Olgivanna were accused of violating the  Mann Act and arrested in October 1926(the charges were later dropped).

Wright and Miriam Noel's divorce was finalized in 1927, and once again, Wright was  required to wait for one year until marrying again. Wright and Olgivanna married on  August 25, 1928.

During the turbulent 1920s, Wright designed Graycliff, one of his most innovative  residences of the period, and a precursor to Fallingwater. The Graycliff estate was  constructed from 1926 to 1929 for Isabelle and Darwin Martin on a bluff overlooking  Lake Erie, just south of Buffalo, New York. Wright designed a complex of three  buildings and extensive grounds and incorporates cantilevered balconies and  terraces, "ribbons" of windows, and a transparent "screen" of windows allowing views  of the lake through the Isabelle R. Martin House, Graycliff's largest building.  Constructed of limestone from the beach below, warm ochre-colored stucco and striking  red-stained roofs, Graycliff's light-filled buildings were designed in  Wright's "organic" style. Wright's designs for Graycliff's grounds incorporate water  features that echo the lake beyond: a pond, a fountain, sunken gardens and stone walls  in a "waterfall" pattern that surround the property. On the summer solstice, Graycliff  is aligned with the setting sun on Lake Erie, as Wright intended.

One of Wright's most famous private residences was constructed from 1935 to 1939, Fallingwater for Mr. and Mrs. Edgar Jonas Kaufmann Sr.(1885-1955), at Bear Run,  Pennsylvania, near Pittsburgh. It was designed according to Wright's desire to place  the occupants close to the natural surroundings, with a stream and waterfall running  under part of the building. The construction is a series of cantilevered balconies and  terraces, using limestone for all verticals and concrete for the horizontals. The  house cost $155,000, including the architect's fee of $8,000. Kaufmann's own engineers  argued that the design was not sound. They were overruled by Wright, but the  contractor secretly added extra steel to the horizontal concrete elements. In 1994,  Robert Silman(1935-) and Associates examined the building and developed a plan to  restore the structure. In the late 1990s, steel supports were added under the lowest  cantilever until a detailed structural analysis could be done. In March 2002, post- tensioning of the lowest terrace was completed.

It was also in the 1930s that Wright first designed Usonian houses. Intended to be  highly practical houses for middle-class clients, the designs were based on a simple,  yet elegant geometry. He would later use similar elementary forms in his First  Unitarian Meeting House built in Madison, Wisconsin, between 1946 and 1951.

Wright is responsible for a series of extremely original concepts of suburban  development united under the term Broadacre City. He proposed the idea in his book The  Disappearing City in 1932, and unveiled a 12-foot(3.7 m) square model of this  community of the future, showing it in several venues in the following years. He went  on developing the idea until his death.
  
 Solomon Robert Guggenheim(1861-1949) Museum, New York City, New York(1959) His Usonian  homes set a new style for suburban design that was a feature of countless developers.  Many features of modern American homes date back to Wright; open plans, slab-on-grade  foundations, and simplified construction techniques that allowed more mechanization or  at least efficiency in building.

The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York City is a building that occupied Wright  for 16 years(1943-1959) and is probably his most recognized masterpiece. The  building rises as a warm beige spiral from its site on Fifth Avenue; its interior is  similar to the inside of a seashell. Its unique central geometry was meant to allow  visitors to experience Guggenheim's collection of nonobjective geometric paintings  with ease by taking an elevator to the top level and then viewing artworks by walking  down the slowly descending, central spiral ramp, which features a floor embedded with  circular shapes and triangular light fixtures to complement the geometric nature of  the structure. Unfortunately, when the museum was completed, a number of important  details of Wright's design were ignored, including his desire for the interior to be  painted off-white. Furthermore, the Museum currently designs exhibits to be viewed by  walking up the curved walkway rather than walking down from the top level.

The Price Tower is a nineteen story, 221-foot(67 m) high tower in Bartlesville,  Oklahoma that was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright. It is the only realized skyscraper  by Wright, and is one of only two vertically-oriented Wright structures extant (the  other is the S.C. Johnson Wax Research Tower in Racine, Wisconsin). The Price Tower  was commissioned by Harold Charles Price, Sr.(1888-1962) of the H. C. Price Company, a  local oil pipeline and chemical firm. It opened to the public in February 1956. On  March 29, 2007, Price Tower was designated a National Historic Landmark by the United  States Department of the Interior, one of only twenty such properties in the state of  Oklahoma.

Wright designed over 400 built structures of which about 300 survive as of 2005.  Four have been lost to forces of nature: the waterfront house for W. L. Fuller in Pass  Christian, Mississippi, destroyed by Hurricane Camille in August 1969; the Louis  Sullivan Bungalow, and the James Charnley Bungalow of Ocean Springs, Mississippi,  destroyed by Hurricane Katrina in 2005; and the Arinobu Fukuhara House(1918) in  Hakone, Japan, destroyed in the Great Kantô Earthquake of 1923. The Ennis House in  California has also been damaged by earthquake and rain-induced ground movement. In  January, 2006, the Wynant House in Gary, Indiana was destroyed by fire.  
 Imperial Hotel, Tokyo(1923) In addition, other buildings were intentionally demolished  during and after Wright's lifetime, such as: Midway Gardens(1913, Chicago, Illinois)  and the Larkin Administration Building(1903, Buffalo, New York) were destroyed in  1929 and 1950 respectively; the Francis Apartments and Francisco Terrace Apartments  (both located in Chicago and designed in 1895) were destroyed in 1971 and 1974,  respectively; the Geneva Inn(1911) in Lake Geneva, Wisconsin was destroyed in 1970;  and the Banff National Park Pavilion(1911) in Alberta, Canada was destroyed in 1939.  The Imperial Hotel, in Tokyo(1913) survived the Great Kantô earthquake but was  demolished in 1968 due to urban developmental pressures.

One of his projects, Monona Terrace, originally designed in 1937 as municipal offices  for Madison, Wisconsin, was completed in 1997 on the original site, using a variation  of Wright's final design for the exterior with the interior design altered by its new  purpose as a convention center. The "as-built" design was carried out by Wright's  apprentice Tony Puttnam. Monona Terrace was accompanied by controversy throughout the  sixty years between the original design and the completion of the structure.

A lesser known project that never came to fruition was Wright's plan for Emerald Bay,  Lake Tahoe. Few Tahoe locals are even aware of the iconic American architect's  plan for their natural treasure.

Wright also built several houses in the Los Angeles area, currently open to the public  are the Hollyhock House(Aline Barnsdall Residence) in Hollywood and the shops at  Anderton Court in Beverly Hills.

Following the Hollyhock House, Wright used an innovative building process in 1923 and  1924, which he called the textile block system where buildings were constructed with  precast concrete blocks with a patterned, squarish exterior surface: The Alice Millard  House(Pasadena), the John Storer House(West Hollywood), the Samuel Freeman House  (Hollywood) and the Ennis House in the Griffith Park area of Los Angeles. During the  past two decades the Ennis House has become popular as an exotic, nearby shooting  location to Hollywood TV and movie makers. He also designed a fifth textile block  house for Aline Barnsdall, the Community Playhouse("Little Dipper"), which was never  constructed. Frank Lloyd Wright's son, Lloyd Wright, supervised construction for the  Storer, Freeman and Ennis House.

Most of these houses are private residences and closed to the public because of  renovation, including the Sturgis House(Brentwood) and the Arch Oboler Gatehouse &  Studio(Malibu).

Oak Park, Illinois, a Chicago suburb, has the largest collection of Wright houses, as  well as Wright's home and studio, which are open for public tours. Tours of certain  homes occur during the year. The Unity Temple is located on Lake Street in Oak Park.  The Cheney House, Edwin and Mamah Cheney's residence, has been a bed and breakfast for  many years. Beside the home's beauty, it contains a stunning in-law suite on the lower  level.

Florida Southern College, located in Lakeland, Florida, constructed 12(out of 18  planned) Frank Lloyd Wright buildings between 1941 and 1958 as part of the Child of  the Sun project.

Gordon House is Wright's last Usonian design which was completed in 1963. It is open  for public access at the Oregon Garden.

In late 2007 a design signed off by Wright shortly before his death in 1959, possibly  his last completed design was realised in the Republic of Ireland. Wright scholar  and devotee Marc Coleman worked closely with the Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation,  dealing with E. Thomas Casey(1924-2005), the last surviving architect who trained  under Wright. Working with the Foundation, Coleman selected an unbuilt design which  was originally commissioned for Mr. and Mrs. Gilbert Wieland and due to be built in  Maryland, USA. However, the Wielands subsequently had financial problems and the  design was shelved. The Foundation looked through their archive of 380 unbuilt designs  and selected 4 for Coleman which were the closest fit for his site. In the end he  chose the Wieland house, largely due to the fact that the topography of his site is  virtually identical to that which the building was originally designed for. The  completed house, only the fourth country in which a Wright design has been realised,  is attracting broad interest from the international architectural community. Casey  visited the site in county Wicklow, but sadly died before construction began.

Frank Lloyd Wright was interested in site and community planning throughout his  career. His commissions and theories on urban design began as early as 1900 and  continued until his death. He has 41 commissions that are of a scale that can be  considered community planning or urban design. His thoughts on suburban design  started in 1901 with an article in Ladies Home Journal. The article was designed to  showcase a new series of model suburban houses which can be built as moderate cost.  Not only did Wright submit a home design he went further and proposed the Quadruple  Block Plan as a proposed subdivision layout. This design strayed from traditional  suburban lot layouts and set houses on small square blocks of four equal sized lots  surrounded on all sides by roads. The houses were set toward the center of the block  so that each maximized the yard space and included private space in the center. This  also allowed for far more interesting views from each house. This design would have  eliminated the straight rows of houses on parallel streets with boring views of the  front of each house. His first commission using the Quadruple Block Plan was for  Charles E. Roberts in 1903, and he continued to push his concept in many of his large  scale designs through the end of his career. The more ambitious designs of entire  communities were exemplified by his entry into the City Club of Chicago Land  Development Competition in 1913. The contest was for the development of a suburban  quarter section. This design expanded on the Quadruple Block Plan and included several  social levels. The design shows the placement of the upscale homes in the most  desirable areas and the blue collar homes and apartments separated by parks and common  spaces. The design also included all the amenities of a small city: schools, museums,  markets, etc. This view of decentralization was later reinforced by theoretical  Broadacre City design. The philosophy behind his community planning was  decentralization. The new development must be away from the cities. In this  decentralized America, all services and facilities could coexist, factories side by  side with farm and home.

Notable Community Planning Designs

1901 - Quadruple Block Plan-Ladies Home Journal-February 1901, April 1901 1903 - Charles R. Roberts-24 homes Oak Park, IL
 1909 - Bitter Root Town Plan-Town site development for new town in the Bitterroot            Valley, MT
 1913 - Chicago Land Development competition-Suburban Chicago quarter section 1934-1959 - Broadacre City Theoretical-decentralized city plan exhibits of large            scale model
 1938 - Suntop Homes-low cost housing alternative to suburban development 1941 - Cloverleaf Housing Project-commission from Federal Works Agency Division of            Defense Housing multifamily layout

Turmoil followed Wright even many years after his death on April 9, 1959. His third  wife Olgivanna continued to run the Fellowship after Wright's death, until her own  death in Scottsdale, Arizona on March 1, 1985. Following the death of Olgivanna, it  was learned that her dying wish had been that Wright, her daughter by a first  marriage, and herself all be cremated and relocated to Scottsdale, Arizona. During the  nearly 30-year period before Olgivanna's death, Wright's body had lain interred in the  Lloyd-Jones cemetery, next to the Unity Chapel, near Taliesin, Wright's later-life  home in Spring Green, Wisconsin. The Unity Chapel, designed by Joseph Lyman Silsbee (1848-1913), should not be confused with the much larger and vastly more famous Unity  Temple, designed by Wright and located in Oak Park, IL. Wright was the draftsman for  the design of the Unity Chapel. Olgivanna's plan to exhume her late-husband and  cremate him, her daughter and herself called for a memorial garden, already in the  works, to be finished and prepared for their remains. Despite the fact that the garden  had yet to be finished, his remains were prepared and sent to Scottsdale where they  waited in storage for an unidentified amount of time before being interred in the  memorial area. Today, anyone who visits the small cemetery south of Spring Green,  Wisconsin and a long stone's throw from Taliesin to look upon a gravestone marked with  Wright's name will be visiting an empty grave.

Frank Lloyd Wright was married three times and fathered seven children: four sons and  three daughters. He also adopted Svetlana Wright Peters(1917-1946), the daughter of  his third wife, Olgivanna Lloyd Wright.

One of Wright's sons, Frank Lloyd Wright Jr.(1890-1978), known as Lloyd Wright, was  also a notable architect in Los Angeles. Lloyd Wright's son (and Wright's grandson),  Eric Lloyd Wright(1929-), is currently an architect in Malibu, California where he has  a practice of mostly residences, but also civic and commercial buildings.

Another son and architect, John Lloyd Wright(1892-1972), invented Lincoln Logs in  1918, and practiced extensively in the San Diego area. John's daughter, Elizabeth  Ingraham(1923-), is an architect in Colorado. She is the mother of Christine, an  interior designer in Connecticut, and Catherine, an architecture professor at the  Pratt Institute.

The Oscar-winning actress Anne Baxter(1923-1985) was another granddaughter. Anne was  the daughter of Catherine Baxter(1894-1979), from Wright's first marriage. Anne's  daughter, Melissa Galt(1961-), currently lives and works in Atlanta as an interior  designer.

A great-grandson of Wright, S. Lloyd Natof, currently lives and works in Chicago as a  master woodworker who specializes in the design and creation of custom wood furniture.

Reference: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia